第一代头孢菌素

TEM-1、TEM-2对青霉素类有较强水解作用，对第一代头孢菌素和第三代头孢菌素头孢哌酮也有一定程度水解，而对第二代头孢菌素头孢呋新及其它第三代头孢菌素均无水解作用；

The penicillins , the first generation cephalosporins and cefoperazone were hydrolyzed by TEM-1 and TEM-2 , but TEM-1 and TEM-2 were unable to hydrolyze the second generation cephalosporins cefuroxime and other of the third generation cephalosporins .

第三代头孢菌素和喹诺酮类抗生素抗菌活性高，氨苄西林的耐药率为21%，而第一代头孢菌素耐药率达45%～49%；

The resistant rate against Hi of ampicillin was 21 % , however , that of the third generation cephalosporins was 45 % ~ 49 % .

革兰氏阴性杆菌对第二代头孢菌素敏感率并不优于第一代头孢菌素；

As for the second generation cephalosporins against Gram negative bacteria were not superior to those of the first generation ones ;

目的：评价第一代头孢菌素头孢硫脒对近期从临床分离的致病菌的体外抗菌活性。

Objective : To evaluate the activity in vitro of the first generation cephalosporin cefathiamidine on the bacteria isolated from recent clinic .

第一、二代头孢菌素高度耐药。

The first and the second generation cephalosporins had high drug-resistant rates .

对大部分其它青霉素类抗菌素，第一、二代头孢菌素及部分第三代头孢菌素有较高耐药性。

Higher drug-resistance to the other penicillins , the first and the second and some third generation cephalosporins .

产生诱导型β－内酰胺酶的肠杆菌科细菌对第一至第三代头孢菌素均有较高的耐药性。

The resistance of enterobacteriaceae which induced β lactamase to the first to the third generation of cephalosporins was relatively high .