环境成本内部化

国际贸易中环境成本内部化研究

Research on Environmental Cost Internalization in International Trade

环境成本内部化的机制探讨

Probing into the Mechanism of Environmental Cost Internalization

结合项目的阶段性特征，构建以企业项目净现值（NPV）最大化为目标函数，以消费者、政府诉求为约束条件的环境成本内部化项目综合评价模型。

According to the periodic characteristics of the project , the comprehensive evaluation model of environment cost internalization project was constructed , as the objective function is to maximize the net present value ( NPV ) of projects and constraint conditions with demands of consumers and the government .

环境成本内部化及其对国际贸易的影响

Internalization of Environment Cost and Its Effects on International Trade

第一章为环境成本内部化理论研究。

Chapter one is the theoretical research on the internalization of environmental cost .

环境成本内部化是实现可持续发展的重要手段。

Internalizing environmental cost is a fundamental measures for carrying out sustainable development .

论环境成本内部化约束下出口商品竞争力的提高

On Improving the Competitiveness of Export under the Restriction of Internalized Environment Cost

可持续发展战略与环境成本内部化

Sustainable Development Strategy and Internalization of Environmental Cost

基于环境成本内部化博弈分析的企业绿色投资评价

Enterprise Green Investment Evaluation Based on the Game Analysis of Internalization of Environmental Cost

论环境成本内部化

Discussion on Internalization of Environment Cost

绿色壁垒要求出口国的环境成本内部化，降低了中国农业的成本优势；

Green barriers demand internalization of export environment cost , which lowers cost advantage of China 's agriculture .

环境成本内部化使出口企业的生产成本增加，必然影响我国外贸出口。

Internalization of environmental costs increases the production costs of export enterprises and will inevitably affect China 's exports .

其次分析环境成本内部化的后果及其对比较优势的影响；

Secondly , it presents the consequences of internalization of environmental costs , which has influences on comparative advantage ;

环境成本内部化是企业提升绿色竞争力的途径之一。

In this circumstance , the internalization of environmental cost will be one of the most effective approaches to improve the enterprise green competitiveness .

生态补偿作为一种使外部环境成本内部化的有效的环境经济管理手段，是近年来研究的热点问题。

The Ecol-compensation is regarded as a kind of effective environmental economics and management measure , which has been the hot issue in recent years .

本文从企业角度提出了一些在环境成本内部化约束下如何提高出口竞争力的措施。

This paper puts forward some measures about how to improve the export competitiveness under the restriction of the internalized environment cost from the angle of enterprises .

然后，本文选择了三家环保意识不同的企业作为案例，对其环境成本内部化效果及环境总成本情况进行分析。

Then , we choose three companies with different environmental consciousness as a case to analyze the effect of internalization of environmental costs and the total environmental cost .

基于以上结论，本文就如何实现环境成本内部化、优化对外贸易结构、实施环境友好型对外贸易政策等问题提出了相关对策与建议。

Based on these conclusions , this article brings forward some recommendations on how to achieve the internalization of environment costs , optimize foreign trade structure , and implement environment-friendly foreign trade policies .

本文引入利益相关者理论，选取企业、政府、消费者作为主要利益相关者，分析环境成本内部化项目对其各自价值增量产生的影响。

With the introduction of stakeholder theory , this paper selected enterprises , governments , consumers as major stakeholders , and analysed the influence of the environmental cost internalization project on its value increment .

环境成本内部化可以纠正市场失灵，优化资源配置，促进社会经济的可持续发展，是21世纪经济发展的重大趋势。

As the main trend of economic development in 21st century , internalization of environmental cost can correct market failures and optimize resources allocation , so finally it makes for sustainable development of social economy .

基本原则一是向市场发出新的稀缺信号，促进环境成本内部化，具体执行中，政府的调整和监督作用应予以加强。

The fundamental countermeasures are : ( 1 ) release the new sign of " supply shortage " to the market to promote the environment cost internalized and enforce the reform and inspection of government in operation ;

文章考虑政府支持、鼓励企业进行环境成本内部化的项目投资，并由此促使企业进行环保改良，以实现清洁的生产、产出绿色环保的产品，最终实现经济的可持续发展。

With the government ' support , enterprises carry out the investment project based on internalization of environmental costs . As a result , encouraging enterprises to carry out environmental improvements to achieve cleaner production and producing green products , and ultimately achieve sustainable economic development .

而环境成本内部化又会对国际贸易产生一些重要影响，特别是发展中国家在环境成本内部化过程中面临比较利益的损失，需要根据实际情况，采取循序渐进的方法解决贸易和环境保护的问题。

Internalization of environmental cost has great effect on the international trade , especially to the developing countries which are subject to the loss of comparative advantages and they should resolve the problem on the basis of the actual situation in a continuous and effective way .

这一研究结果能够引导企业更加积极的进行环境外部成本内部化的投资，促进企业及整个社会的和谐发展。

The results of this study will guide enterprises to be more positive investment environment to internalize external costs which can promote the harmonious development of enterprises and society .

江苏省应该通过优化产业布局，优化加工贸易产品结构，提高环境成本的内部化等措施来缓和加工贸易对环境的损害，从而实现经济和环境的协调发展。

Jiangsu Province , should optimize the structure of processing trade products to improve the internalization of environmental costs and other measures to mitigate the damage to the environment to achieve economic and environmental sustainable development .

要建立生态效益补偿机制，实现生态环境外部性成本内部化；

Establish compensation mechanism of eco-benefit to realize the transformation of the outer cost on eco-environment construction into inner cost ;

加强环境管制和环境成本内部化的政策是否会损害企业和产业的竞争力，并影响经济增长吗？

Do the policies that tightening environmental regulations and internalization of environmental cost harm the competitiveness of the enterprises , industries and then affect the economic growth ?

协调贸易与环境的最佳途径&环境成本内部化

The Best Way to Coordinate Trade and Environment : Internalization of Environmental Cost

当前，许多国家加强了对环境的管制，加快了环境成本内部化的进程。

At present , more and more countries strengthen the control of environment and accelerate the progress of internalization of environment cost .

文章最终得出环境管理体系是理论上实现环境成本内部化的最佳途径。

The article finally come to the environmental management system is theoretically the best way to internalize environmental costs .