次生壁

导管次生壁的形成与程序性细胞死亡（Programmedcelldeath，PCD）密切相关。

The formation of the secondary wall correlates with programmed cell death ( PCD ) .

随着的播期的推迟，POD的平均活性在次生壁加厚期有所下降，最终纤维比强度同样表现为下降趋势。

With the detention in sowing date , the average POD activity declined in the secondary wall thickening , and the same behavior in the final fiber strength .

促进纤维次生壁形成的重要因素是IAA。

IAA was an important factor affecting the formation of fibre secondary cell wall .

此外，相邻管胞次生壁S2层之间的弹性模量和硬度也存在一定差异。

There also existed differences in MOE and hardness between S_2 layers of adjacent tracheids .

不成熟纤维突变体im是棉花中一个特殊的纤维突变体，被认为引起次生壁发育缺陷。

The immature fiber mutant ( im ) is a specific cotton fiber mutant , which regarded to result in defective secondry cell wall .

与木质化过程的比较结果表明，POD参与了细胞壁的木质化过程，但次生壁中木质素的沉积位置并不与POD活性位置一一对应。

The present results indicated that POD had participated in the lignification . However , the distribution of POD was not same as the regions of lignin deposition completely .

纤维细胞壁的超微结构典型地分为胞间层（ML）、初生壁（P）、次生壁外层（S1）、次生壁中层（S2）及次生壁内层（S3）。

TEM images showed that cell wall of the fibre is typically divided into three layers including the primary wall ( P ), the middle lamellar ( ML ) and the secondary wall ( S1 , S2 and S3 ) .

从PCD被引进植物生物学以来，许多研究都已经证明TE的分化是一种典型的PCD过程，但它含有一般细胞PCD所没有的次生壁构建过程，因而不属于常规意义上的PCD。

Since PCD was introduced in plant biology , TE had been proved a typical process of PCD by many studies . Differently it contains the process of construction of secondary wall without in common cell .

子叶维管束发育成熟约在受精后的20d，成熟时细胞核消失，次生壁向内延伸，筛管分子的细胞壁形成网纹结构。

Developing mature of vascular bundle about 20 days after fertilization . The cells nucleus disappear in this period , secondary wall extended toward the inside . Sieve element formed network .

对im突变体的研究将有助于我们更好地理解纤维次生壁发育的复杂过程，揭示其分子调控机理，并为棉花纤维品质改良贮备一些优良基因。

The research work about im mutant will help us better understand the complex process of fiber secondary cell wall biogenesis and explore the molecular mechanism of gene regulation . It could also help us find some potential excellent genes for cotton gene engineering in improving fiber quality traits .

通过采用扫描电镜能谱（SEM-EDXA）对木素在细胞壁微区分布进行的研究表明，原料木素脱除顺序为次生壁>复合胞间层>细胞角隅。

It is indicated through the test of the lignin distribution in the cell wall with the aid of SEM-EDXA that the sequence of lignin removing is the S > ML > CC .

结果表明，ATP酶在毛竹茎秆纤维细胞壁的整个形成过程中发挥重要作用，而纤维细胞的次生壁形成过程是一个由核基因控制的主动的PCD过程；

These findings indicated that ATPase played a key role on the cell wall formation of fiber in Phyllostachys edulis culm , and the formation of secondary wall was a typical programmed cell death ( PCD ), which was an energy dependent active process and was controlled by nuclear genes .

利用透射电镜-能谱（TEM-EDXA）技术定量地测定了氯化过的云杉管胞和桦木纤维的细胞角处的胞间层木素和次生壁木素的氯含量。

The chlorine concentrations of lignin in the cell corner middle lamella and secondary wall of chlorinated spruce tracheids and birch fibers were determined by TEM-EDXA technique .

SEM-EDXA研究表明细胞角隅区、胞间层、次生壁中层的木素浓度比为2.15∶1.32∶1。

Moreover , the SEM-EDXA results indicate that the lignin concentration in the cell corner , the middle lamellar and the middle layer of the secondary wall is in a ratio of 2.15 ∶ 1.32 ∶ 1 .

具缘纹孔的发生和次生壁的构建；

The forming of pit bordered and secondary cell wall ;

棉纤维细胞次生壁纤维素生物合成的分子生物学研究进展

Molecular Biology of Cellulose Biosynthesis in Secondary Cell Wall of Cotton Fiber

植物细胞次生壁形成的研究进展

Progress in Study of Secondary Wall Formation in Plants

木质素是次生壁成份的特征。

Lignin is a characteristic component of secondary walls .

图3分离出的次生壁构架。

Fig.3a separated framework of the secondary wall .

图6示次生壁物质在螺旋构架之间的填充（箭头）。

Fig.6 showing the secondary thickening between the gyres of the helix ( arrow ) .

酶解导致纤维细胞致密的次生壁结构疏松多孔，酶解由纤维表面向内层转移，单根纤维强度和成纸强度下降。

Single fiber and paper strength decrease .

棉花纤维发育过程超微结构观察和次生壁木质素含量的分析

Ultra-structural Observation on Fiber Cell and Lignin Content Analysis of Secondary Wall during Cotton Fiber Development

基因型决定棉纤维分化发育方式，内源或外源激素调控纤维分化、伸长、次生壁形成等发育过程。

Endogenous or exogenous phytohormones regulate the process of fiber differentiation , elongation and secondary wall formation .

表明α-微管蛋白与纤维发育有关，其变化影响着棉纤维的形态建成，控制着纤维素的沉积方式，即对纤维伸长及次生壁增厚有重要作用。

In a word ,α - tubulin has an important action on fiber elongation and secondary wall thickening .

次外层为次生壁强烈增厚的细胞层，厚2-数层细胞；

The next one is 2 or more cells thick and consists of cells with strongly thickened walls ;

管胞次生壁和复合胞间层的弹性模量和硬度之间均存在较显著的正线性相关关系。

A positive linear correlation between MOE and hardness was also found both for SW and CML of tracheids .

同时，也暗示这些基因可能与棉纤维的次生壁加厚相关。

Meanwhile , it suggests this genes may be related with the secondary cell wall thickening development of cotton fiber .

其发育过程可分为4个相互交迭的阶段：起始、伸长、次生壁形成、成熟，由此得到成熟的棉纤维。

It is divided into four distinct but overlapping phases : initiation , elongation , secondary wall synthesis and maturation .

其生长发育过程分为四个既明显区分又有所重叠的时期：纤维细胞起始期，纤维细胞伸长期，次生壁增厚期和脱水成熟期。

Fiber cell development includes four discrete but overlapped stages : initiation , elongation , secondary cell wall accumulation and maturation .

图2示离体次生壁的形态，左手螺旋和垂直线联结结构（箭头）。

Fig.2 Showing lelf | handed helix of the isolated secondary wall and the join structure of vertical line ( arrow ) .