日灼

苹果套纸罩对防止果实日灼的效应

Effect of paper cone shading on preventing apple fruits from sunburn

苹果果实日灼人工诱导技术及阈值温度研究

Studies on Artificial Induction and Threshold Temperatures of Apple Fruit Sunburn

苹果果实在45℃下处理2h，在3d后将处理果和对照果同时暴露在阳光下，结果发现：热处理能够在一定程度上增强果实对日灼的抗性。

In comparison with control , heat treatment for 2 , 4 and 6 h at 45 ℃ can increase the resistance of the treated fruits to sunburn to some extent by exposing the fruits to full sun 3 days after treatment .

苹果果实日灼预测预报计算机模型

Development of computer model for prediction of apple fruit sunburn

套塑膜袋苹果日灼病发生原因及预防措施

Studies on the Emerging Reasons and Precautionary Measures of Bagging Apple Sun Scald

红地球葡萄日灼病阈值温度及主要影响因子分析

Analysis of the Main Factors and Threshold Temperature on the Sunburn in Vitis C.V. Red Globe

结果表明：较高的果面温度是果实发生日灼的直接原因。

The results showed that the higher temperature on fruit surface was the direct factor inducing grape sunburn .

日灼并不仅仅会变得不迷人，还会导致晒伤，皱纹，还会增加皮肤癌的风险。

Sunburns aren 't just unattractive , they also lead to sun damage , wrinkle , and an increased skin cancer risk .

目前对强光加重日灼的研究，均集中在光对果实的增温作用和紫外辐射的破坏方面。

At present , the study on effect of strong light on sunburn is mainly focused on its enhancement of fruit surface temperature or on UV damage .

日灼病是在水果上广泛发生的、由强光照射及果面高温诱发的生理失调症。

Sunburn is a kind of fruit diseases caused by physiological maladjustment such as strong light , high temperature etc , which occurred in most deciduous fruit trees .

日灼不仅直接导致银杏的幼苗死亡，还可间接诱导茎窝病的发生甚至流行。

Sun burn is not only the direct cause of death of seedling of Ginkgo biloba , but also the indirect cause of occurrence and epidemic of stem rot.

我国的落叶果树多生长在夏季高温、干旱地区，果实日灼病问题相当突出，尤其是苹果、葡萄、石榴等树种发生严重。

Under the strong light and arid climate conditions in summer , many fruit crops such as apple , grape and pomegranate are commonly and severely affected by sunburn in China .

此外，通过比较研究不同品种、果实发育期以及树势对果实日灼敏感性的差异，确定了不同品种果实日灼阈值温度以及这些因子在影响果实日灼中的效应参数。

Meanwhile , the study on difference of fruit susceptibility to sunburn in cultivars , fruit growing stages and tree vigor has made it possible to incorporate these parameters in the model .

采取避开气温骤升期套袋，并加强肥水管理，提高树势等措施，可使日灼果率降到2%以下。

It makes less than 2 % of incidence of bagged apples that the time of accelerating increase in the temperature is avoided while bagging and increases fertilizer , moisture management and living capacity etc.

在容易发生果实日灼的高温天气里，增加果园空气湿度有助于提高果实表皮组织抗氧化能力和细胞膜的稳定性，从而提高果实的抗热性。

In hot weather when fruit sunburn is likely to happen , enhancing the relative humidity in an orchard could be beneficial to raise the antioxidative capability in fruit peel tissues , hence improving fruit resistance to heat .

此外，针对因日灼和冻害双重作用带给树木的伤害，对树干采用了不同的保护措施，并进行了实时监测，对比分析了不同的防御措施对香梨安全越冬所起到的作用。

In addition , different protection measures and real-time monitoring were used according to the double effects of sunburn and freezing injury . The effects of different prevention measures to safe hibernation of fragrant pear were comparative analyzed .

植物激活蛋白能调节脐橙生长，增强对不良环境的适应性，对日灼病、脐黄病、裂果病三大生理性病害有32.18%~50.54%的诱抗效果。

The resistance inducing efficacy of three main physiological diseases which include sun scald and fruit split and navel yellow was from 32.18 % to 50.54 % . Navel orange treated with plant activate protein appeared symmetrical size and sheeny fruit husk .

通过在本模型的用户界面下拉菜单中选择品种、月份和树势，并在相应位置输入当日11：00～14：00平均日照、气温、风速和相对湿度数值，即可得到当日是否发生果实日灼的预测预报结果。

By selecting the proper items from the down-pull manus of cultivar , month and tree vigor as well as inputting the values of solar radiation , air temperature , wind velocity and relative humidity during 11 : 00-14:00 , the prediction results of fruit sunburn could be obtained immediately .

这个营救行动是在黑夜的掩护下展开的。一来夜晚行人较少，不会有人干预这次冒险的营救行动，二来也能避免大象受到白天酷日的灼晒。

The mission took place under the cover of darkness , as fewer people would be around for the dangerous rescue and the animal could be protected from the searing heat of the sun .

试验结果表明，嘎拉和乔纳金树冠外围果实套纸罩可减弱果实受光强度2/3左右，生长季晴天果实日表面最高温度降低7℃以上，果实日灼率由45%左右降为7%~11%左右。

Experimental study shows that the paper cone shading of fruits in periphery of tree crown can significantly reduce the light reception by 2 / 3 by fruit , resulting in a decrease of fruit surface temperature (≥ 7 ℃) . So the sunburn percentage is lowered dramatically .