径流量

航空摄影可提供有关降水量、蒸发蒸腾量、入渗和径流量的有价值的资料。

Aerial photography can provide valuable information on precipitation , evapotraspiration , interception , and runoff .

GM（1,1）改进模型在年径流量预测上的应用

Application of improved GM ( 1,1 ) model in forecast of annual runoff

基于双MCU的超声波小管径流量测量系统

Ultrasonic Flow Measurement System Based on Double MCU

将降水、温度作为输入变量，以径流量作为输出变量，建立多变量CAR模型后，发现模拟效果较好。

With precipitation and temperature as input variables , runoff as output variable , a multivariate CAR model is set up , whose simulation result is realistic .

试验结果表明，用两者得到的K值计算河谷地下径流量相当接近。

The test results manifest that the calculated valley underground runoff by the K value obtained from the above stated two methods appear to very close .

其次利用相空间BP神经网络模型对分解系数进行预测，并根据预测结果进行月径流量的降尺度计算。

A BP neural networks model based on chaotic phase space was used in forecasting the decomposition coefficient , and the predicted result used in calculating monthly runoff downscaling .

CREAMS模型在计算黄土坡地径流量及侵蚀量中的应用

Utilization of CREAMS Model for Estimating Runoff and Sediment from a Plot on Loess Slope

多沙粗沙区的地表径流量为31.18亿m3，扣除泥沙后的清水资源量为28.21亿m3。

The surface runoff of this area is 3.118 billion m3 and the clear water resources 2.821 billion m3 after deducting sediment .

初期涌出效应（firstflusheffect）在某些降雨事件中明显，在某些降雨事件中不明显，且屋面径流的初期涌出效应通常发生在占总径流量20%左右的前期径流对应时段中。

First flush effect is obvious in some rainfall events , while unconspicuous in other rainfall events . First flush effect often occures in the initial stages of runoff which account for twenty percent of total runoff .

本文以渭河流域陕西片为计算实例，应用地理信息系统（GIS）分析流域地理参数，计算流域径流量。

In this paper , the Weihe River Basin in Shaanxi Province as a case , using the GIS to analyze the geographical parameters , the runoff discharge in river basin have been calculated .

过去10a间，由于土地覆被变化导致北运河年均径流量增加了10%～20%，而气候变化导致年均径流量减少了约2/3。

However , one increases by 10 % ~ 20 % due to land cover change .

长江枯、丰期干、支流各种形式N通量和长江口各种形式N的输出通量主要受径流量所控制，与人类活动密切相关。

In the dry and flood seasons , various forms of N fluxes in the Yangtze River mainstream and tributaries and the export fluxes of various forms of N in the Yangtze River mouth were mainly controlled by runoff .

在参与塔河流域多个水文控制站点径流量预测的基础上，探讨了GM（1,1）与BP算法在径流量预测中的有效性及存在的一些问题。

Based on the runoff forecasting of some gauge stations in Tarim River Basin participated , the validity and some problems of GM ( 1,1 ) and BP algorithm existed in runoff forecasting were discussed .

WEPP对多年平均径流量和侵蚀量的模拟效果可满足要求。

The simulated accuracy of annual average runoff and soil loss by WEPP model was satisfied .

根据SCS模型敏感参数Cn，从坡度参数变化角度分析了不同分辨率的DEM对流域径流量影响。

Through analysis of the sensitive parameter CN of the SCS model , the sensitivity of runoff modeling to DEM resolution is described from the perspective of slope change .

T3、T2团聚体发育差，缺乏多级孔隙，形成的高径流量和溅蚀率使T2、T3的产沙率在相对大的数值范围内变动。

The stability of aggregates of T3 , T2 was very low and multilevel pore was few , so soil splash erosion and sediment was very high .

结果表明：森林覆盖率高的流域拦水能力较高，能显著地削减洪峰、延缓洪水过程，降低径流系数，使次暴雨径流量的变差系数CV增大。

The results are as follows : the watershed with high vegetation coverage can largely intercept water , decrease flood peak , lengthen flood process and intensify variation coefficient in storm runoff .

与传统一维配水模型计算结果相比，MDS配水模型可以分区域计算天然径流量的配置情况，并可以计算区域需水变化情况下各区域水量配置的调配情况。

To sum up , MDS water allocation model can not only calculate the different node 's water allocation , but also indicate the node 's water allocation change .

随着径流量的增大，三水站潮簇D1，D2和D4的振幅明显减小，D2的振幅衰减得最快。

The partial tide such as D_1 , D_2 and D_4 of Sanshui Station decreases significantly with increasing river discharge , but the amplitude of D_2 reduces more quickly .

在自然降雨后，以1m×1m为基本单位推算其可能产生的地表径流量，根据实际径流量推算地表径流水在径流过程中下渗的数量。

After natural raining , surface runoff amount is calculated in basic unit of 1 m × 1 m , and based on actual runoff amount the infiltration amount of surface runoff is also calculated .

Hudson海湾的河川径流量在整个加拿大河川径流量中占有很大的比例，所有河流排泄量约30%流入了Hudson和James海湾。

Hudson Bay streamflow represents a major component of the streamflow in Canada , approximately 30 % of all river discharge enters Hudson and James Bays . Three current hydrological research issues are examined for this region .

本文以Matlab神经网络工具箱GUI为依托，用地表水资源时间序列的年径流量资料作为训练样本的基础，生成训练样本输入数据和期望输出数据，建立时间序列神经网络预测模型。

This paper created train sample input and expectation output data relying on Neural Networks tool boxes GUI based on Matlab with surface water resource quantity time series data as train sample basic , then make forecasts based a model of temporal serial Neural Network .

用H型量水堰和雨量计观测太行山小流域径流量、降雨量及可利用雨水资源结果表明，在太行山区实施小流域雨水集流投资少，可充分利用雨水资源，为山区经济发展创造了条件。

The discharge , precipitation and utilizable quantity of rainwater resources were measured by H-type weir and rain gauge . The results show that catching rainwater by small watershed needs less investment and makes the best use of water resources which creates favorable conditions for economic development in Taihang Mountains .

黄土高原中部7条主要河流径流量呈明显的下降趋势，年河流径流量以每年0.4851108m3/a的速度下降。

The flux of 7 main rives was obviously drop , with 0.4851108m3/a .

主要研究成果如下：（1）自从三峡工程一期蓄水后早期（2003年）到2006年，长江河口（大通站）径流量由2003年的9248亿m3减少到2003年6886亿m3。

The main results in the thesis were drawn as follows : ( 1 ) From Phase-I water storage ( 2003 ) to 2006 , the water discharge of Changjiang ( Yangtze ) reduced from 924.8 billion m3 to 688.6 billion m3 .

结果表明：杉木人工林地土壤含水量为404.4mm，土壤贮水能力达1220t／hm2，年径流量474.1mm，洪峰径流系数0.19。

Results showed that average soil water content , soil water storage capacity , yearly runoff , runoff coefficient of flood peak in Chinese fir plantation were 404.4 mm , 1 220 t / hm 2,474.1 mm , 0.19 respectively .

结果表明，由于1986年以来降水量较前期减少明显，使得1986年以来天然年径流量较前期减少近20%，尤其1994年以来最甚，平均每年减少66.5亿m3。

The results are shown that since 1986 , the annual natural flow is reduced about 20 % than that of the early days , especially since 1994 , the mean annual reduction is 6650 million m ~ 3 due to the obvious reduction of precipitation .

水土保持综合治理对洪水过程的影响分析表明，水土保持综合治理后总径流量消减了20%左右，洪峰流量消减了30%以上，峰现时问推迟了60min左右。

Comprehensive governance of soil and water conservation to the flood process indicated that after the governance , the total runoff and the peak discharge decreased approximately 20 % and 30 , respectively .

ONI为负时，同期西江径流量及中、下游降水量出现负距平的概率，后枯水期高于前枯水期。

When ONI is genitive , the probability for the Xijiang River discharge and precipitation in the middle and lower streams in post-dry season is higher than in pre-dry season .

该模型参照流域降雨径流相关的规律，以实际的旬初土壤蓄水、GFS预报降雨量为输入条件，以实际的旬入库径流量为输出条件，进行旬径流定量预报和分级预报。

This model , which considers the relationship between rainfall and runoff , forecast 10-day runoff and its grade with soil water storage and GFS rainfall as input condition and actual 10-day inflow as output condition .