颏孔

523例下颌骨颏孔的观察

The observation of the mental foramen in 523 Chinese adult mandibles

现代成人与新石器时代成人（圩墩人）颏孔位置的比较

Study of the location of mandibular mental foramen in Modern and Neolithic adult

在CPR重建图像上，下颌管壁由一薄层骨密质构成，向中线延伸并逐渐变薄，在颏孔附近形成无管壁的腔道。

In the images of the CPR reconstruction , the mandibular canal was composed of a thin compact bone , and extended to the midline and became thinner , and continued to be the mental foramen .

将5例下颌骨分为前牙区、颏孔区、后牙区等部位，应用trophy数码牙片机拍摄X线平片，观察并进行描述。

The 5 mandibular should be divided into the former area , the foramen area , the molar area , then every area should be have a x-ray picture using trophy machine . Each picture should be observed and described .

中国人颏孔与下颌孔的研究

A study of mental and mandibular foramina of Chinese adults

对500个成人下颔骨的颏孔和下颌孔进行了研究。

The mental and mandibular foramina of 500 adult Chinese mandibles were studied .

结果：部分标本的颏孔位于下颌第二双尖牙远中。

Result : The mental foramen of some specimen were be distal to the secondary premolar .

颏孔与第二前磨牙相对的最多，占78.0±1.3%。

Mandibles whose mental foramina lie beneath the second premolar tooth account for 78.0 ± 1.3 % .

颏孔以卵圆形最多，占80.9±1.24%。

The most common shape of mental foramina is oval , such mental foramina making up 80.9 ± 1.24 % of the total .

结果：单一钛小夹板沿中线固定下颌角区、体部颏孔区及正中联合区骨折骨断端均产生较大的弯曲及扭转移位。

Results : A large bending and torsion displacement was founded in angle , body and symphyseal fracture fixed by a single titanium mini-plate along the middle line .

颏孔前后位置指数和上下位置指数，男性分别为27.1及50.8，女性为27.4及49.4。

The index of anteroposterior positions of mental foramina is 27.1 in males and 27.4 in females . The index of upward and backward positions of the foramina in males and females are 50.8 and 49.4 respectively .

固定的顺序是先固定与髁状突或乙状切迹的连接处，确定咬合关系后，再分别固定下颌角、腓颏连接处和颏孔区。

It is advised that the fixation sequence is firstly condyle , secondly the angle and next the mental foreman area and the connection between the fibula and the chin .

结果：下颌管前端向中线分出一切牙神经管后，该管有96.7%弯向后上形成颏管再开口于颏孔，3.3%直接开口于颏孔；

Results : The incisive nerve canal were apart from anterior ends of mandibular canals , and only 3.3 % of them ended directly in mental foramina , 96.7 % of them bended backward and upward forming mental canal and then ended in the mental foramina .

人的嘴、下巴和颏的部位在基准位置下，颏孔及下颌孔部的变形失真率最大。

The area of the human mouth , chin , and jaw . The largest distortion was at mental and mandible foramen regions at standard positon .