无溶剂反应

近年来随着合成的绿色化，对Mannich反应有了新的挑战，那就是寻找环境友好催化剂，采用无溶剂反应，离子液体等等。

In recent years , Mannich reaction has a new challenge with the green synthesis - that is to find environmentally friendly catalyst , free-solvent , ionic liquid and so on .

其中，铜催化C-N偶联反应在过去的几十年中取得了长足的进步，如配体的应用、水相中反应、无溶剂反应等，但关于催化剂回收的研究较少。

In the past decades , the research on Copper-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction has achieved considerable progress , including the reaction in the presence of ligands , the reaction by using of water as solvent , and the reaction without the use of solvent .

着重介绍超临界水、超临界二氧化碳、离子液体及无溶剂反应的研究现状与进展。

Present and progress of super critical carbon dioxide and ionic liquid , no solvent reactions were emphasized in this article .

无溶剂反应速度快，整个反应无需加热，只在室温下进行简单的研磨即可完成；

Second , the reaction occurs soon without solvents , these reactions can be completed in room temperature by grinding without heating ;

无溶剂反应避免了由于使用溶剂所带来的危险性、毒害性以及成本增加等缺点，成为近年来研究热点之一。

Solvent-free reactions avoid the dangers , toxic and costs-increase posed by the use of solvents , become one of the hot-spot recently .

用微生物脂肪酶在溶剂相中合成芳香酯的研究表明：4个脂肪酶在正庚烷中催化合成7个酒用芳香酯转化率比在水相、无溶剂反应体系中有明显的优势。

Lipase mediated synthesis of flavor esters in organic media exhibited that obviously higher productivity in heptane was observed , as compared with that in aqueous phase and solvent free system .

综述了近年来发现的无溶剂有机反应类型。

New types of solvent-free organic synthesis in recent years are discussed .

无溶剂微波反应是一种可以有效的避免有机反应中有害溶剂的洁净技术。

The solvent-free reaction is a technology to avoid harmful solvents in organic reactions .

不使用有机溶剂真空抽吸合成单酯、酯化率略低于环己烷作溶剂，无溶剂最佳反应温度为115℃，但合成条件清洁环保。

The esterification rate of not using organic solvent is few lower than using cyclohexane in the same reaction time , the best temperature is 115 ℃ at this condition , but the compose condition is clean .

无溶剂有机反应使合成更简单，节省能量、最小化损耗、避免使用有毒的有机溶剂，减少对环境的污染，并且反应发生在温和的条件下，通常要求更容易的操作程序和简单的设备。

Solvent-free organic reactions make organic synthesis simpler , saving energy , minimizing wastage , avoiding the using of toxic organic solvents , reducing environmental pollution , and the reactions occur in mild conditions , usually require easier operating procedures and simpler apparatus .

脂肪酶酶粉催化的无溶剂酯交换反应

Solvent-free Transesterification Catalyzed by Lipase Powder

标题化合物由N，N′-双-甲氧基甲基[2,2]和1H1,2,4-三唑在无溶剂的情况下反应得到。

The title compound has been synthesized by the reaction of N , N ' - bis ( me-thoxymethyl ) - [ 2 , 2 ] and 1 H-1 , 2 , 4-triazole without solvent .

该法与传统的溶液法相比较具有无有机溶剂污染、反应速度快、产率高和后处理简单等诸多优点。

This synthetic strategy compared with traditional solution protocol has advantages of no organic solvent pollution , elevating reaction rate , high yield and simple work-up procedure .

第一部分：微波促进的有机合成已涉及到了许多反应并成为有机化学研究的热点之一，尤其是无溶剂下的微波反应，因顺应了绿色化学的要求而倍受关注。

Part I : The organic synthesis under microwave irradiation has been expended to many kinds of reactions , and become one of the hot point for green chemical reaction lately .

邻苯二甲酸酐与乙醇胺在无溶剂的条件下反应，质量收率达到99%以上，质量分数99%以上。

The reaction of phthalic anhydride and aminoethyl alcohol under solvent-free conditions provided a novel route to N - ( 2-hydroxyethyl ) phthalimide with good yields ( > 99 % ) and high purity ( > 99 % ) .

微波辐射和加热条件下的无催化剂无溶剂Knoevenagel缩合反应

Uncatalyzed and Solvent-Free Knoevenagel Condensation under Microwave Irradiation or Heating Conditions