胚乳细胞

水稻胚乳细胞PCD中的去核化及酶活性动态与稻米品质的关系

Relationship of Rice Quality and Dynamics of Enzyme Activities during the Denucleation Development of Rice Endosperm Cell PCD

花后5天，胚乳细胞粗面内质网（RER）数量迅速扩增，蛋白体开始形成。

Rapid proliferation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum ( RER ) in endosperm cell and the protein bodies were initiated 5 days after flowering ( DAF ) .

在积累淀粉的胚乳细胞中磷酸化酶mRNA大量分布。

A great quantity of phosphorylase mRNA was distributed in endosperm cells accumulating starch grains .

此外，胚根端胚乳细胞中脱氢酶活性及内源激素和DNA的含量在不同发育时期都明显高于非胚根端胚乳。

The dehydrogenase activity , the contents of endogenous phytohormone and DNA in RE cells were higher than that in NRE at different development stages .

因此小麦淀粉胚乳细胞的PCD是一种特殊形式的PCD。

The PCD of starchy endosperm cells in wheat was a special form of PCD .

活性氧清除剂显著抑制了淹水胁迫对胚乳细胞PCD进程的推动作用。

ROS scavengers could inhibit the intensifying of PCD processes in endosperm cells induced by waterlogging .

这些现象表明玉米胚乳细胞的死亡是PCD过程。

The above results proved that the cell death of starchy endosperm in maize was a PCD process .

EvansBlue染色结果表明，水稻淀粉胚乳细胞死亡顺序是由胚乳中部向四周扩展。

Evans Blue staining observation showed that the cell death was initially detected in the central part of starchy endosperm in rice , then expanded outward .

花后5d胚乳细胞的细胞核开始变形，随花后天数的增加，核变形愈加剧烈。

Starchy endosperm nucleus begin to deform on the fifth day after flowering with the developing of endosperm cells .

说明，外源H202能够导致胚乳细胞PCD加剧。

These results showed that exogenous H2O2 could intensify the PCD processes of endosperm cells . 4 .

目前，关于小麦胚乳细胞PCD机理及淹水胁迫对小麦胚乳淀粉质体和胚乳PCD进程的研究比较少。

Little is known about the mechanism of PCD of wheat endosperm , and the development of amyloplast and programmed cell death in endosperm cells under waterlogging treatment .

淹水胁迫下，抗氧化酶活性下降和ROS积累可能是胚乳细胞PCD加剧和进程提前的主要原因。

Under waterlogging treatment , the increase level of ROS and the decrease of antioxidant enzyme activity might explain why the PCD processes in the endosperm cells shifting to an earlier date .

在其他淀粉植物细胞中，我们也发现了核变形现象。（6）水稻胚乳细胞死亡受基因控制，属于特殊的PCD过程。

In some other amylum plant , we also find the phenomenon of nucleus deformation . ( 6 ) The cell death of endosperm in rice is controlled by genes . It belongs to especial programmed cell death ( PCD ) .

籼稻与粳稻相比，籼稻外层胚乳细胞在花后7d已转化成糊粉层细胞，而粳稻要到花后10d才转化成糊粉层细胞。

Compared indica with japonica rice , the outer layer endosperm cells in the indica transformed aleurone layer cells 7 days after flowering ; But in the japonica these cells transformed aleurone layer cells 10 days after flowering ;

ROS可能作为信号分子调控胚乳细胞中与代谢相关基因的表达水平，或者直接对细胞内结构和抗氧化关键酶造成氧化损伤，诱导了胚乳细胞PCD进程提前。

ROS might not only play as signal molecule regulating expression level of genes related to metabolism of endosperm cells , but also being responsible for the cellular structure integrity and oxidation damage of key antioxidant enzymes , therefore , caused the PCD processes ahead of time .

开花后17d，3叶胚形成，糊粉层多为3层并停止分裂，菱柱形及不规则胚乳细胞分化；

The 3-leafed embryo was visible by day 17 after anthesis , at which time the aleurone cells were mostly 3-layered and mitotic divisions ceased and the prismatic and irregular cells of endosperm were differentiated .

淀粉型胚乳细胞发育的中、后期，水解酶（酸性磷酸酶、G-6-P酶、ATP酶、Ca2+-ATP酶）在核上表现较高的活性。

Localization of hydrolytic enzymes , such as acid phosphatase ( AcPase ), ATPase , glucose-6-phosphatase ( G-6-Pase ), Ca ~ ( 2 + ) - ATPase , demonstrated high enzyme activity in the nucleus at the middle and late stages of starchy endosperm development .

水稻和小麦淀粉胚乳细胞的程序性死亡

The PCD processes of starchy endosperm cells in rice and wheat

烟草种子萌发时胚乳细胞显微结构的变化

The Micro structure Changes of Tobacco Endosperm Cell at Germination Stage

外源激素作用下小麦胚乳细胞大小的动态分析

Fluctuation of Cell Size of Wheat Starchy Endosperm after Hormone Treatment

玉米籽粒胚乳细胞增殖及其与淀粉充实的关系

Endosperm Cell Proliferation and Its Relation to Starch Accumulation in Maize

品质不同的稻米胚乳细胞形态特征的扫描电镜观察

Identification to quality of rice grain with scanning electron microscope

随胚的发育和生长，胚乳细胞逐渐解体。

Endosperm , cells disorganize gradually along with embryo development .

苦荞麦胚乳细胞初始细胞壁形成的方式

Formation of the First Cell Wall of Endosperm Cell in Fagopyrum tataricum

水稻胚乳细胞淀粉质体被膜与其增殖的关系

Relation between envelope and proliferation of amyloplast in endosperm cell of rice

在谷粒灌浆时，它在胚乳细胞的造粒体中积累。

It accumulates in the amyloplasta of the endosperm cells during grain filling .

小麦籽粒胚乳细胞增殖及物质充实动态

Endosperm Cell Proliferating and Grain Filling Dynamics in Wheat

玉米中部籽粒与顶部籽粒胚乳细胞数目存在显著差异；

Remarkable differences of endosperm cell number between middle kernels and top kernels .

不同温度型小麦胚乳细胞增殖和籽粒生长特性研究

Study on Different Temperature Typical Wheat Endosperm Cell Proliferating and Grain Growth Characteristics

壁呈波浪形的外胚乳细胞富含淀粉粒。

Plenty of starch grains present in perisperm cells .