微流星体

一份旨在限制未来这些碎片可能会对航空飞船造成的危险的报告在去年的四月份由宇航局发布，用来评估他们关于太空垃圾，名为MMOD（微流星体和太空碎片）的项目。

The report , Limiting future collision risk to spacecraft , was commissioned by Nasa last April to evaluate its programmes on'space junk ' , officially known as MMOD ( Micrometeoroids and Orbital Debris ) .

其中对航天器威胁最大的就是空间碎片，包括微流星体和轨道碎片。

Most of the spacecrafts are suffering from the bad space environment , and the space debris , included meteoroid and orbital debris , imperiled the spacecrafts most .

溅射物（ejecta）是微流星体或小空间碎片超高速撞击航天器表面产生的新碎片。

Ejecta is the new debris after a micro-meteoroid or space debris impacting on spacecraft surface .

微流星体及空间碎片的高速撞击威胁着航天器的安全运行。

High-velocity impact of meteoroids and space debris threatens safety operations of spacecrafts .

举例来说，可膨胀伸出的帆桅，由于无法避免微流星体的撞击，因此无法长久保持坚硬的状态。

The inflatable spars , for example , will not remain rigid for long because of the inevitable micrometeoroid impacts .

微流星体及空间碎片防护结构设计，是航天器设计的一个重要问题。

In order to ensure the astronauts safety and spacecraft normal operation , the design of meteoroids and space debris protection configuration become an important problem of spacecraft design .

在综合分析国际上已采用和研究航天器微流星体及空间碎片防护结构防护性能预报方程的基础上，给出了不同防护材料和结构形式防护在超高速撞击下的撞击极限曲线。

By analyzing performance prediction equations developed and used for protection of spacecraft against meteoroid and space debris , ballistic limit curves were obtained for different hypervelocity impacts of various shield materials and structures .

为了保证在轨航天器的安全运行，微流星体和空间碎片的防护成为现有航天器，特别是长寿命、大尺寸航天器设计时必须考虑的因素。

In order to ensure the safety in operation of orbital spacecrafts , especially the long duration and large size spacecrafts . Space debris and meteoroid shield are very important factors in the designing of spacecrafts .

为精确估计微流星体及空间碎片高速撞击防护屏所产生碎片云对舱壁的损伤，必须确定碎片云中三种状态材料的特性。

In order to conduct an accurate assessment of spacecraft module wall damage impacted by debris cloud created by meteoroids and space debris high velocity impact on bumper , the three state material characterization of debris cloud must be known .

应用有限元分析方法计算碰撞及失效概率，设计出了微流星体环境风险评估算法流程。

The probability of impact or failure is calculated by Finite Element Analysis Method and the arithmetic flow of spacecraft risk assessment in the meteoroid environment is designed . Second , both the earth shadowing effect and the spacecraft shadowing effect are discussed thoroughly .

目前各航天大国都在研究航天器风险评估技术，有些国家已经有了成熟的风险评估软件，可针对微流星体环境和轨道碎片环境分别对航天器进行风险评估。

So far many countries are researching the technology of risk assessment of space debris impact , some of them already have a risk code , which can be used to value the risk assessment for the spacecraft in both meteoroid and orbital debris environment .