原发病灶

原发病灶体积并不大时（临床早期），即可发生盆腔和腹腔内广泛种植和播散转移，常伴发腹水。

When the volume of primary lesion is not large at all ( clinical early stage ), it is capable of generating general dissemination metastasis in pelvis cavity as well as abdominal cavity , and frequently accompanied with ascites .

定量分析表明，原发病灶中P53蛋白聚集阳性细胞明显高于淋巴结转移病灶中P53的表达；

Quantitative analysis showed that the number of P53 protein accumulation positive cells in the primary lesion was higher than that in lymph node metastatic cancer lesions .

方法以DGGE及自动DNA序列分析法检测41例大肠癌原发病灶和肝转移灶p53外显子5～11的基因突变。

Methods p53 gene ( exon 5 ~ 11 ) mutation was examined by DGGE and automated sequencing .

所有患者在切除原发病灶后，接受每周一次的皮内DC疫苗注射治疗，至少8次治疗；CIK细胞过继细胞免疫治疗，每2周一次，至少接受4次治疗。

After nephrectomy , the patients received intradermal DC vaccination weekly for at least 8 times , and CIKs administration biweekly for at least 4 times .

原发病灶不明的肝转移癌：Montpellier癌症中心的经验

Hepatic metastases from carcinomas of unknown primary site : Experience of the montpellier cancer center

结果（1）92个原发病灶中，61个病灶MRI和DSA均显示有肿瘤残存，26个无肿瘤残存，两者的总体相符率为94.6%（87/92）。

Results ( 1 ) Of 92 original HCC lesions , 61 showed , while 26 showed no , residual viable tumor on both MRI and DSA with a coincidence rate of 94.6 % ( 87 / 92 ) .

P53蛋白表达与性别、吸烟、PTNM分期、淋巴结转移、原发病灶大小相关不显著（P＞0.05）。

The correlation between the expression rate of P53 protein and sex , smoking , PTNM stage , lymph node metastasis and primary cancer focus had no statistics significance ( P > 0.05 ) .

方法：用葡聚糖－活性碳吸附法（DCC法）对70例子宫内膜癌原发病灶组织进行ER及PR测定，同时用免疫组化法对其中30例的石蜡标本进行了ER及PR的检测。

Methods : ER and PR contents of fresh tumor tissues taken from 70 cases of primary endometrial carcinoma were measured by biochemical ( DCC ) method and 30 paraffin embedded archival specimens of the 70 cases also by immunohistochemical ( IHC ) method .

18F-FDG-PET半定量分析对原发病灶的诊断敏感性、特异性分别为84%、5蛐7。

The sensitivity and specificity in detecting primary foci by PET was 84 % and 5 / 7 respectively .

结论HCC胆管内生长影像学上可见二类：一是原发病灶直接侵犯相邻胆管，二是原发病灶癌细胞种植在较远的胆管内形成癌栓。

Conclusion Two patterns of invasion of the biliary tract by HCC can be observed on MR and CT images . One is the direct local ingrowth into the neighboring biliary tract by HCC and the other is distant intraductal tumor implantation with tumor thrombus formation .

18例不明原发病灶的转移性肝癌的手术治疗

Surgical treatment for 18 cases of hepatic metastasis with unknown primary focal

结果（1）鼻咽癌原发病灶：40例；

Results ( 1 ) primary lesions of NPC : 40 cases ;

本组5例为转移性黑色素瘤，均查到原发病灶；

Primary lesions were found in all of the 5 metastatic cases .

观察新辅助化疗后肿瘤原发病灶的缓解情况及其毒副反应。

The response in the primary tumor and the chemotherapy toxicity were observed .

超声检查是甲状腺癌原发病灶诊断最有价值的方法之一。

The ultrasound is one of the most valuable methods of primary thyroid cancer lesions diagnosis .

治疗区域包括原发病灶、转移病灶以及淋巴结。

An area included the primary tumor site , metastatic sites , and metastatic lymph nodes .

分析原发病灶的影像学特点，测定其标准摄取值；

The imaging features of the primary foci were analyzed , followed by measurement of standardized 18F-FDG uptake .

舌鳞癌原发病灶与淋巴结转移的临床及病理研究

Clinical and Pathological Analysis between Primary Focuses in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue and Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis

原发病灶位于股骨远端2例，股骨近端1例，桡骨远端1例。

The lesions located in distant femur 2 cases , femur neck 1 case and distant radius 1 case .

食管原发病灶有效率为40.7%，吞咽功能得到改善的患者占92.3%。

The response rate of primary esophageal cancer was 40.7 % , and the deglutition function improved 92.3 % among these .

同一病例原发病灶和复发或转移灶HER2/neu基因蛋白的表达较一致。

HER 2 / neu expression of the same patient was more consistent in primary and recurrent or metastatic pathologic tissue .

结论术前新辅助内分泌治疗在高龄乳腺癌患者中能达到原发病灶和区域淋巴结降期的目的。

Conclusion Preoperative endocrine therapy for breast cancer of elderly women could effectively delay or remit the advancement of the tumor .

对颈部未触及肿大的淋巴结，但原发病灶较大、肿瘤侵润较深者行功能性颈清扫；

Functional neck dissection should be taken for patients who have no palpable cervical lymph node hot have larger primary cancer focus .

通过对原发病灶15个因素的筛选，按比例危险度的大小列出了主要影响生存的受侵部位。

Among the15 factors related to the T-staging , the significant factors influencing the survival was presented in the order of proportional hazard .

临床病理在颈淋巴结转移性癌原发病灶诊断中的价值-附36例报告

The value of clinical pathology in diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma of an unknown primary site in cervical lymph node : 36 cases report

结论经导管支气管动脉灌注化疗疗法和全身静脉化疗相比能更有效地控制原发病灶，对老年晚期肺癌患者是一个有效的治疗方法。

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of bronchial arterial infusing and systemic vein chemotherapy on moderate and advanced lung cancer in old patients .

原发病灶：肺脏34例，肾脏5例，乳腺9例，消化系统13例。

The primary sites of cancers were lung in 34 patients , kidney in 5 cases , breast in 9 cases , alimentary system in 13 cases .

结果肺内原发病灶位于右肺的18例（62.07%），左肺的11例（37.93%）。

RESULTS There were 18 cases ( 62.07 % ) with primary lesions involving the right lung and 11 cases ( 37.93 % ) in left side .

超声造影在肝局灶性病变诊断中的临床价值舌鳞癌原发病灶与淋巴结转移的临床及病理研究

Application Value of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography in Hepatic Focal Lesions Disease Clinical and Pathological Analysis between Primary Focuses in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue and Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis

据报道，绒癌患者就诊时，肺转移者高达85%，其中有40%患者子宫中无原发病灶。

As reported , 85 % patients have pulmonary metastasis when they visited , and there are only 40 % have primary lesion in uterus in these patients .