to
- prep.向，朝，往，对着（某方向或某处）;位于…方向;到，达（某处）;到，达（某种状态）;在…开始之前;（距整点）差…;（引出接受者）给，予，向;对…（重要或必需）;属于，归于，关于，对于;面向，朝向，指向;比;（表示捆、系、拴等）连接，附着;等于;每，一;向…表示敬意;伴随;为了给，以提供;适合，符合，致使;按…的看法，据…认为;变，变得，转变;直到; 碰到，触到
- inf.表示目的或意图;表示结果;表示原因;必须
- adv.关着，关闭，关上
toprep.
向，朝，往，对着（某方向或某处）
in the direction of sth; towards sth
I walked to the office.
我朝办公室走去。
It fell to the ground.
它掉到了地上。
It was on the way to the station.
那是在去火车站的路上。
He's going to Paris.
他就要去巴黎了。
my first visit to Africa
我对非洲的第一次访问
He pointed to something on the opposite bank.
他指向对岸的某样东西。
Her childhood was spent travelling from place to place.
她的童年是在不断迁移中度过的。
位于…方向
located in the direction mentioned from sth
Place the cursor to the left of the first word.
把光标置于第一个单词的左边。
There are mountains to the north.
北面有山。
到，达（某处）
as far as sth
The meadows lead down to the river.
牧场一直延伸到河边。
Her hair fell to her waist.
她的长发一直垂到腰部。
到，达（某种状态）
reaching a particular state
The vegetables were cooked to perfection.
这些蔬菜烧的火候恰到好处。
He tore the letter to pieces.
他把信撕碎了。
She sang the baby to sleep.
她唱着歌把孩子哄睡了。
The letter reduced her to tears (= made her cry) .
那封信让她落泪了。
His expression changed from amazement to joy.
他的表情由惊变喜。
（表示范围或一段时间的结尾或界限）到，至
used to show the end or limit of a range or period of time
a drop in profits from $105 million to around $75 million
利润从1.05亿元降到7 500万元左右
I'd say he was 25 to 30 years old (= approximately 25 or 30 years old) .
我猜他在25至30岁之间。
I like all kinds of music from opera to reggae.
我喜欢各种音乐，从歌剧到雷盖都喜欢。
We only work from Monday to Friday.
我们仅从星期一工作到星期五。
I watched the programme from beginning to end.
这个节目我从头看到了尾。
在…开始之前；离；差
before the start of sth
How long is it to lunch?
离吃午饭还有多久？
It's five to ten (= five minutes before ten o'clock) .
现在是十点差五分。
（引出接受者）给，予，向
used to show the person or thing that receives sth
He gave it to his sister.
他把那给了他的妹妹。
I'll explain to you where everything goes.
我会向你解释所有东西的摆放位置。
I am deeply grateful to my parents.
我对父母是感恩戴德。
Who did she address the letter to?
那封信她是写给谁的？
To whom did she address the letter?
那封信她是写给谁的？
（引出受事者或受体）对于，关于
used to show the person or thing that is affected by an action
She is devoted to her family.
她深深爱着自己的家庭。
What have you done to your hair?
你怎么把头发弄成这个样子？
（表示两件事物相接或相连）
used to show that two things are attached or connected
Attach this rope to the front of the car.
把这绳子系在小轿车的前面。
（表示两人或事物之间的关系）属于，归于，关于，对于
used to show a relationship between one person or thing and another
She's married to an Italian.
她嫁给了一个意大利人。
the Japanese ambassador to France
日本驻法大使
the key to the door
这个门的钥匙
the solution to this problem
解决这个问题的办法
指向；关于
directed towards; concerning
It was a threat to world peace.
这是对世界和平的威胁。
She made a reference to her recent book.
她提到了自己最近的那本书。
（引出比较或比率的第二部分）比
used to introduce the second part of a comparison or ratio
I prefer walking to climbing.
我喜欢散步多于喜欢爬山。
The industry today is nothing to what it once was.
这一行业的现状与昔日的盛况相比微不足道。
We won by six goals to three.
我们以六比三获胜。
（表示数量或比率）等于，每，一
used to show a quantity or rate
There are 2.54 centimetres to an inch.
一英寸等于2.54厘米。
This car does 30 miles to the gallon.
这辆汽车每加仑汽油可行驶30英里。
向…表示敬意
in honour of sb/sth
a monument to the soldiers who died in the war
阵亡将士纪念碑
Let's drink to Julia and her new job.
让咱们为朱莉娅和她的新工作干杯。
伴随；随同
while sth else is happening or being done
He left the stage to prolonged applause.
他在经久不息的掌声中退下了舞台。
（用于表示动作的动词之后）为了给，以提供
used after verbs of movement to mean ‘with the intention of giving sth’
People rushed to her rescue and picked her up.
人们冲上来把她救起。
（表示态度或反应）适合，符合，致使
used to show sb's attitude or reaction to sth
His music isn't really to my taste.
他的音乐实在不合我的口味。
To her astonishment, he smiled.
使她惊讶的是，他笑了。
（表示看法或感觉）按…的看法，据…认为
used to show what sb's opinion or feeling about sth is
It sounded like crying to me.
在我听来这像哭。
infinitive marker
（表示目的或意图）
used to show purpose or intention
I set out to buy food.
我动身去买吃的。
I am going to tell you a story.
我要给你们讲一个故事。
She was determined to do well.
她决心要做好。
His aim was to become president.
他的目的是当总统。
To be honest with you, I don't remember what he said.
跟你说实话，我不记得他说过什么了。
（表示结果）
used to show the result of sth
She managed to escape.
她设法逃走了。
It was too hot to go out.
天太热，不能出去。
He couldn't get close enough to see.
他无法靠近看个清楚。
（表示原因）
used to show the cause of sth
I'm sorry to hear that.
我听到这消息很难过。
（表示想做或让做的事情）
used to show an action that you want or are advised to do
I'd love to go to France this summer.
今年夏天我想去法国。
The leaflet explains how to apply for a place.
这本小册子介绍如何申请职位。
I don't know what to say.
我不知道说什么好。
He asked her to come but she said she didn't want to.
（表示已知或转述的事情）
used to show sth that is known or reported about a particular person or thing
The house was said to be haunted.
据说这座房子里闹鬼。
（表示一个动作紧跟另一动作）
used to show that one action immediately follows another
I reached the station only to find that my train had already left.
我到了车站，却发现我要搭乘的火车已经开走了。
必须；一定；应该
used to show that you must or should do sth
You are not to talk during the exam.
考试期间不许说话。
She was to be here at 8.30 but she didn't arrive.
她应该在8:30到这里，但是没有到。
adv.
usually of a door 尤指门关着；关闭；关上
in or into a closed position
Push the door to.
推门关上。
to
PREPOSITION AND ADVERB USES 介词和副词用法
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In addition to the uses shown below, to is used in phrasal verbs such as ‘see to’ and ‘come to’. It is also used with some verbs that have two objects in order to introduce the second object.
除下列用法外，to 还可用于 see to 和 come to 等短语动词中。它还与某些带双宾语的动词连用，以引出第二个宾语。
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3
PREP (表示方向、目的地)向，朝，往，到
You use to when indicating the place that someone or something visits, moves towards, or points at.Two friends and I drove to Florida during college spring break...
我和两个朋友在大学春假期间开车去了佛罗里达。
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4
PREP 去(参加)
If you go to an event, you go where it is taking place.We went to a party at the leisure centre...
我们去休闲活动中心参加了一个聚会。
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5
PREP (表示捆、系、拴等)连接，附着
If something is attached to something larger or fixed to it, the two things are joined together.There was a piece of cloth tied to the dog's collar...
狗项圈上系着一条布。
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6
PREP (表示位置)在，位于
You use to when indicating the position of something. For example, if something is to your left, it is nearer your left side than your right side.Hemingway's studio is to the right...
海明威的工作室在右面。
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7
PREP 给，予
When you give something to someone, they receive it.He picked up the knife and gave it to me...
他捡起刀子递给我。
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8
PREP (表示动作或情感的对象)对，于
You use to to indicate who or what an action or a feeling is directed towards.Marcus has been most unkind to me today...
马库斯今天对我非常无礼。
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PREP (与某些名词、形容词连用，表示关联)对于，关于
You use to with certain nouns and adjectives to show that a following noun is related to them.He is a witty man, and an inspiration to all of us...
他机智风趣，鼓舞激励着我们所有人。
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10
PREP 对…(说);向…(说)
If you say something to someone, you want that person to listen and understand what you are saying.I'm going to have to explain to them that I can't pay them.
我将不得不向他们解释我不能付钱给他们。
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PREP (表示反应或态度)致使，致
You use to when indicating someone's reaction to something or their feelings about a situation or event. For example, if you say that something happens to someone's surprise you mean that they are surprised when it happens.To his surprise, the bedroom door was locked…
令他吃惊的是，卧室门锁上了。
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12
PREP 据…认为
You use to when indicating the person whose opinion you are stating.It was clear to me that he respected his boss...
在我看来他显然很尊重他的上司。
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13
PREP (表示变化)倾向于，趋于，至
You use to when indicating what something or someone is becoming, or the state or situation that they are progressing towards.The shouts changed to screams of terror.
喊叫声变成了惊恐的尖叫声。
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PREP (表示雇佣关系)为
To can be used as a way of introducing the person or organization you are employed by, when you perform some service for them.Rickman worked as a dresser to Nigel Hawthorne...
里克曼曾是奈杰尔·霍索恩的服装师。
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15
PREP (表示时间、数量的界限)达到
You use to to indicate that something happens until the time or amount mentioned is reached.Every vehicle was banned from coming into Mexico City one day a week from Monday to Friday…
每周一到周五期间都会有一天禁止所有车辆进入墨西哥城。
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16
PREP (用于列举时)(从…)到…
You use to when indicating the last thing in a range of things, usually when you are giving two extreme examples of something.I read everything from fiction to history.
从小说到历史，我什么书都读。
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PREP (表示处所、工作变动)(从…)到…
If someone goes from place to place or from job to job, they go to several places, or work in several jobs, and spend only a short time in each one.Larry and Andy had drifted from place to place, worked at this and that.
拉里和安迪从一处漂泊到另一处，干点这个又干点那个。
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PHRASE 来回地;往复地
If someone moves to and fro, they move repeatedly from one place to another and back again, or from side to side.She stood up and began to pace to and fro...
她站起身，开始来回踱步。
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PREP (表示时间)在…之前，(差…)不到…
You use to when you are stating a time which is less than thirty minutes before an hour. For example, if it is 'five to eight', it is five minutes before eight o'clock.At twenty to six I was waiting by the entrance to the station...
5 点 40 分我正在车站入口处等着。
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20
PREP (表示比率)每
You use to when giving ratios and rates....engines that can run at 60 miles to the gallon.
每加仑油跑 60 英里的发动机
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21
PREP 伴随;随同
You use to when indicating that two things happen at the same time. For example, if something is done to music, it is done at the same time as music is being played.Romeo left the stage, to enthusiastic applause...
罗密欧在热烈的掌声中离开了舞台。
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CONVENTION 不费事;很简单
If you say 'There's nothing to it', 'There's not much to it', or 'That's all there is to it', you are emphasizing how simple you think something is.Once they have tried growing orchids, they will see there is really nothing to it.
一旦他们试着种植兰花，就会发现那并不是什么难事。
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23
ADV (门)关着，虚掩着
If you push or shut a door to, you close it but may not shut it completely.He slipped out, pulling the door to.
他溜了出去，虚掩上门。
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24
See also:according to
USED BEFORE THE BASE FORM OF A VERB 用于动词原形前
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2
to inf (用于动词原形前构成不定式;不定式用于某些动词、名词、形容词以及 how，which, where 等词之后)。
You use to before the base form of a verb to form the to-infinitive. You use the to-infinitive after certain verbs, nouns, and adjectives, and after words such as 'how', 'which', and 'where'.The management wanted to know what I was doing there...
管理层想知道我在那里做什么。
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3
to inf (用于动词原形前，表示动作的目的或意图)
You use to before the base form of a verb to indicate the purpose or intention of an action....using the experience of big companies to help small businesses...
利用大公司的经验帮助小企业
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4
to inf (用于动词原形前，表示对自己要说的话加以说明)
You use to before the base form of a verb when you are commenting on a statement that you are making, for example when saying that you are being honest or brief, or that you are summing up or giving an example.I'm disappointed, to be honest...
说实话，我很失望。
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5
to inf (用于感叹句中的动词原形前，强调某一强烈情感)
You use to before the base form of a verb in exclamations when you are emphasizing a very strong emotion, such as a desire or wish, or a regret or disappointment.Oh, to think of his poor wife, standing there helpless…
噢！想想他可怜的妻子，无助地站在那里。
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6
to inf (用于动词原形前，表示某一动作之后的情形)
You use to before the base form of a verb when indicating what situation follows a particular action.He made his way to the kitchen to find Francis cooking…
他走到厨房，发现弗朗西斯正在做菜。
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7
(与 too, enough 连用)
You use to with 'too' and 'enough' in expressions like too much to and old enough to .→ see:too and enough
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It 's time to give serious consideration to this matter .
到了认真考虑这一问题的时候了。
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Number the car 's features from 1 to 10 according to importance .
将车的特征从1到10编号按重要性一一列出。
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Three colleges have come together to create a new university .
三所学院合并成了一所新的大学。
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Things ain 't what they used to be .
现在情况不比从前了。
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There isn 't nearly enough time to get there now .
现在根本没有足够的时间赶到那儿。
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Now is a good time to invest in the property market .
现在是对房地产市场投资的好时机。
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Now is a good time to buy a house .
现在买房子正是时候。
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Further information is available on application to the principal .
申请书请交校长，届时将提供详情。
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Going away to college has made me much more independent .
离家上大学使我变得独立自主得多。
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When is the best time to ring New York ?
什么时间给纽约打电话最好？
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I said I 'd go just to keep him happy .
我说过我要去只是为了让他高兴。
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Life was never going to be so free and easy again .
生活绝不会再那样无拘无束了。
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I said I 'd go , just to keep him happy .
我说过我要去只是为了让他高兴。
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I didn 't know how much to bring .
我不知道该带多少。
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It 's impossible to get there in time .
不可能及时到达那里。
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All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem .
三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。
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Some college students will have to live out .
有些大学生将不得不住在校外。
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It takes at least an hour to get home from work .
下班回家至少得花一个小时。
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The short story is a difficult art form to master .
短篇小说是一种很难掌握的艺术形式。
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The following day she felt sufficiently well to go to work .
第二天，她感觉好转，完全可以去上班了。
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It 's hardly the time to discuss it now .
现在还不是讨论的时候。
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The president appears likely to change course on some key issues .
总统看起来可能要在某些重要问题上改变方针。
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However you look at it , it 's going to cost a lot .
不管你怎么看，它都要花很多钱。
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Cooperative activity is essential to effective community work .
要把社区工作做好，协作活动是必不可少的。
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We may have to take military action .
我们可能不得不采取军事行动。
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It might be an idea to try again later .
稍后再试或许是明智的。
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The conference is a good place to share information and exchange ideas .
研讨会是互通信息、交流思想的好场所。
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We need new product to sell .
我们需要新产品供销售。
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Please turn the television off before you go to bed .
睡觉前请关上电视。
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The object is to educate people about road safety .
目的就是教育大众注意交通安全。
- 习语