数值天气预报

该系统的建立对有效提高数值天气预报的发展和应用具有十分重要的意义。

It has a great effect on the research and development of NWP systems .

数值天气预报的发展依赖于高性能计算机的发展和支撑。

The development of the NWP depends on the advancement and support of the HPC technology .

本文首先对数值天气预报业务系统在网格环境下的流程特点进行了研究，设计了一种适合数值天气预报的Web服务构件组合模式。

And we design a pattern of Web service components combination , which is appropriate for Numerical Weather Prediction .

同时对流层延迟也是GPS气象学、数值天气预报所关心的焦点问题。

At the same time troposphere delay is also the focus of GPS meteorology and numerical weather forecasting .

GRAPES（globalandregionalassimilationandpredictionsystem）是由中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室自主研究开发的中国新一代数值天气预报系统，其目标是科研/业务通用。

GRAPES ( global and regional assimilation and prediction system ) is a new generation of numerical weather prediction ( NWP ) system of China .

把GPS探测的水汽同化到数值天气预报中，以提高数值预报的能力是GPS气象学研究的目的，作者介绍了目前水汽在数值预报模型中的同化情况。

The assimilation of water vapor retrieved from GPS observations into numerical weather forecast is the main object of GPS meteorology and the forecast can be improved . The progresses of assimilation at present are also reviewed .

自二十世纪五十年代初起，气象学家就致力于发展数值天气预报（NWP）技术，来提高天气预报的准确性。

Meteorologists have been developing the numerical weather prediction ( NWP ) technology for accuracy since the early 1950s .

考虑观测误差、截断误差和数值天气预报的需要，本文给出了决定最优相邻测站之间距离d、最优垂直网格距Δp和最优观测时间间隔Δt的公式。

In consideration of the observational error , the truncation error and the requirements of numerical weather prediction , three formulas for determining the distance between two neighboring stations d , the vertical increment Δ p and the observational time interval At in optimum sense , have been derived .

用该方法计算的GPS信号斜路径方向上的水汽含量，可以用于层析水汽的三维分布，优化数值天气预报的初始场，也可以改正GPS大地测量和雷达影像的误差。

SWV obtained by the this method can be used in tomography to sense the three dimensional structure of water vapor and improve the initial conditions of numerical weather forecast . It 's also useful in correcting the error of GPS geodesy and radar images .

100年来短期天气预报成功地跨越了三大步：挪威学派、Rossby学派和Charney开创的数值天气预报。

In the past 100 years , the weather forecast has passed three successful stages : Norway school , Rossby school and numerical model stage by Charney .

近年来，随着先进的红外高光谱仪器的发展，红外高光谱资料已经成为数值天气预报（NWP）中心同化系统的重要部分。

In the recent years , the observations from high-resolution infrared sounders have become a major part of the assimilation systems in many numerical weather prediction ( NWP ) centers with the development of these sounders .

MM4遗传算法四维变分同化系统能够为数值天气预报模式提供高质量的初始场，从而提高NWP模式预报的准确性，使得遗传算法这一有效技术得到了进一步的应用。

The GA 4-D variational data assimilation system can provide more precise quality initial fields , thus enhance the forecast accuracy of NWP model , eventually make the technique of GA receive further application .

中尺度数值天气预报为评估严重的天气灾害提供了有效的指导，因此中尺度天气预报占有越来越重要的地位。MM5模式是世界上应用最为广泛的中尺度模式。

Mesoscale numerical weather prediction model is an efficient way to provide guidance to evaluate the severe weather threat , so mesoscale mode among various kinds of meteorological modes is getting more and more important position .

本论文的研究得到国家863计划引导项目中尺度数值天气预报大规模并行计算高性能网络开发（2003AA001018）的资助。

This thesis is supported by National 863 project " Development of parallel computing high performance network for middle range numerical meteorological prediction " ( 2003AA001018 ) .

该文阐述了在CRAY／VAX分布式系统和异构网络平台上建立数值天气预报系统业务化运行环境过程中遇到的困难和解决的方法，并指出目前业务运行环境中仍存在的一些问题。

The problems and technique methods of solving them during setting up a production operational environment for NWP product on heterogeneous CRAY / VAX computing platform are described and some problems still existing in the present production operational environment are pointed out .

得到以下结论：（1）基于WRF模式，将实时四维数据同化、快速更新循环模拟技术应用于风电功率预测的数值天气预报业务平台，采用类比卡曼滤波误差订正技术对预报序列进行误差订正。

Results as follows : ( 1 ) based on WRF model , the four dimension data assimilation , rapid update cycle and analog-based Kalman filter bias correction technology are applied to the numerical weather forecast platform and built the numerical weather forecast platform .

为了充分利用卫星图像逐像点的信息来构造更加精细的中尺度数值天气预报初始场，设计了静止卫星（GMS5）图像逐像点的云分析方法，并进行了初步试验。

Because of the requirement for high resolution initial field of mesoscale or small scale numeric weather prediction model , we designed the cloud analysis scheme based on single satellite image pixel .

中期数值天气预报的集合预报试验

The Experiment of Ensemble Forecasting about Numerical Medium-Range Forecasting The set

物理初值化在台风数值天气预报中的应用试验

The application of physical initialization to the numerical prediction for typhoons

分析了数值天气预报并行计算的可行性；

It analyses the feasibility of parallel computing numerical weather forecasting .

中期数值天气预报的误差订正方法探讨

A study of error correction for medium range weather forecasting

目前谱模式仍然是全球数值天气预报业务模式的主流。

Spectral models are still the mainstream in global operation NWP now .

基于网格的中尺度数值天气预报系统设计与实现

The grid-computing implementation of a mesoscale numerical weather forecast system

静力平衡模式是目前数值天气预报的主要模式。

Presently static equilibrium models are the main numerical weather forecasting models .

台风试验陆地加密观测在数值天气预报中的作用

Impact of the intensive observational data from the typhoon experiments on NWP

数值天气预报中谱方法的并行实现

The parallel implementing of spectral method in numerical weather forecasting

神威机上集合数值天气预报系统中文件资料的管理

Mass data management in SW ENSEMBLE NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION SYSTEM

核事故应急响应行动对数值天气预报的需求

Requirements for Numerical Weather Prediction in the Nuclear Accident Emergency Response Activities

数值天气预报初场的变分同化及其伴随方法简介

Brief introduction of variational assimilation and adjoint method in numerical weather prediction

中国国家气象中心中期数值天气预报业务系统

Medium-range numerical weather prediction system at the National Meteorological Center of China