仔鱼

用配合饲料驯饲中华鲟仔鱼研究初报

Preliminary study on acclimation to formulated diet for Chinese sturgeon fry

仔鱼期幼鱼在9℃死亡率达80%。

The mortality of Yolk Fry stage reaches 80 % , when the water temperature is 9 ℃ .

前期仔鱼混合营养期短，仅2～3d。

The mixed feeding stage of pre-larva is short , only 2-3 days .

出膜时仔鱼的平均大小为13.09±0.90（mm）之间。

The average size of larvae in hatching was 13.09 ± 0.90 ( mm ) .

饲料中不同水平的维生素C对黑鲷仔鱼全鱼的常规营养成分含量无显著影响（P＞0.05）。

There was no apparent difference in liver proximate protein content and whole body proximate composition among vitamin C treatments ( P > 0.05 ) .

第15天仔鱼全长（9.10～11.3）mm摄食人工饲料。

On the 15th day the length of larvae was 9.10-11.3 mm and began to intake artificial feed .

随着饲料中维生素C水平的提高，黑鲷仔鱼全鱼、肌肉、肝脏、脑、鳃和血浆中的维浙江大学硕士论文生索C含量呈匕升趋势。

Vitamin C concentrations in whole body , muscle , liver , brain , gill and plasma enhanced as the dietary vitamin C level increased .

结果显示，在胚胎及仔鱼的发育过程中胰蛋白酶mRNA的表达量与胰蛋白酶活性变化趋势一致。

The result showed the variation of the trypsin activities and expression of trypsin mRNA had almost the same change trend .

C时，大黄鱼仔鱼4日龄起由消化管前端膨大形成胃的雏形，此时胃的结构与食道相似，但无杯状细胞。

C , the anterior tract of larvae bulged and formed presumptive stomach with a similar structure as oesophagus but no goblet cells since 4 days after hatching ( DAH ) .

初孵仔鱼全长（8.93±0.35）mm，肌节数为12+16+14；

Newly hatched larvae have a total length of ( 8.93 ± 0.23 ) mm , with about 12 + 16 + 14 myomeres and blood circulation ;

用He-Ne激光照射莫桑比克罗非鱼仔鱼，对其生长、抗病和耐病和耐低温能力都有一定的促进作用。

Larva of the Tilapia Mossambica are irradiated by He-Ne laser to the promoters in growth , disease-resistance and cold-resistibility .

仔鱼体态正常，72h后的存活率高于95%。

The larval survival rate was more than 95 % 72 h after hatching .

光照对神仙鱼受精卵孵化率和仔鱼24h内成活率无影响。

There is no influence of illuminance on rate of hatchability of fertilized eggs and 24h survival rate of larva .

充分摄取富含DHA、EPA的适口饵料是后期仔鱼生存的物质基础。

All exogenous food must intensify DHA and EPA , the both were living substance form of post stage larvae .

若虫共5龄。同时对孵出6d内的仔鱼进行了观察。

There are 5 nymphal instars . And the larval were observed in 6 d.

实验结果显示：1日龄仔鱼PGCs位于鱼体中肠背方的脏壁中胚层中；

The results showed that on day 1 the PGCs were at the splanchnic mesoderm above the gut .

对照组黑鲷仔鱼肌肉中的粗脂肪含量显著低于各试验组（P＜0.05），但是饲料中不同水平的维生素C对肌肉粗蛋白和水分含量无显著影响（P＞0.05）。

The proximate muscle fat content of the control fish was significantly lower than other groups ( P < 0.05 ) , but no significant influence on the muscle proximate protein and moisture contents could be found among treatments ( P > 0.05 ) .

仔鱼能维持9d高达90%以上的初次摄食率。

The mean feeding rate over 90 % could be maintained 9 days .

PNR点后的1～2天，是饥饿仔鱼大量死亡的时期。

High mortality of the animals appeared in 1 ~ 2 days after PNR .

同时在不同盐度条件下对初孵的奥尼罗非鱼仔鱼进行耐饥饿试验，测定其不投饵存活系数（SAI）。

The effects of seawater salinity on hatching rate and survival activity index ( SAI ) of Epinephelus akaara were studied in the laboratory .

对12批初孵仔鱼进行耐饥饿试验，并测定其不投饵存活系数SAI值。

12 broods of newly hatched larvae were used to carry out starvation tests and evaluate their SAI ( survival activity index ) volume .

海水仔鱼不但对HUFA的总量有一定的需要，而且对DHA、EPA和AA的比例及各自的需要量也有一定的要求。

Not only the contents of HUFA but also the DHA : EPA : AA ratio and their individual content in absolute terms are important for fish larvae nutrition .

高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）对海水仔鱼营养的影响

The Requirements of some Marine Fish Larvae for Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids

受精卵在23～24.3℃约26h孵化出仔鱼。

The fertilized egg is hatched to larval fish at a temperature of 23 ~ 24.3 ℃ about 26h .

在30±1℃条件下，云斑尖塘鳢仔鱼的不可逆点（PNR）出现在仔鱼孵化出膜后的第6～7天。

At the temperature of 30 ± 1 ℃, the point-of-no-return ( PNR ) of the larvae occurred at 6 ~ 7 DAH .

刚孵化的仔鱼在低盐度下的体长较长，但72h后，没有明显差异（P＞0.05）。

Although the total length of the larvae after hatching was a little longer at lower salinity than at natural salinity , there was no significant difference in total length between the larvae within 10 ~ 35 of salinity after 72 h ( P 0 . 05 ) .

在水温18~21℃、盐度20.0~30.0条件下，室内水泥池前期培育13d，仔鱼成活率69.7%；

At water temperature 18 ~ 21 ℃ and salinity 15.0 ~ 30.0 , the survival rate of larva was 69.7 % after 13d 's breeding ;

4）浅色黄姑鱼仔鱼的不可逆点（PNR）出现在仔鱼开口后第3天，开始投喂的最佳时间在仔鱼开口后的2d之内。

4 ) The larvae occurred the point of no return ( PNR ) at 3 days after the mouth opened , indicating that the optimum initial feeding time for the larvae is within 2 days after mouth opened .

后期仔鱼为器官发育、奇鳍条基本形成期，历时10d，平均全长从4.31mm增至8.97mm。

In the developmental period of post-larvae , which lasts for 10 days , its organ begins to differentiate and fins are basically formed with an average body length from 4.31 mm to 8.79 mm .

变态前仔鱼的皮肤发育缓慢，1～25d仔鱼的皮肤由1～2层表皮细胞和不发达的真皮层组成。

The skin of 1-25 days old larvae developed slowly and was composed of the thin epidermis of 1-2 layers epidermal cells and undeveloped dermis before the metamorphosis .