chalaza

Chalaza end had characteristic hypostase structure .

合点端有明显的承珠盘结构。

After the newborn endosperm nuclei divided , the cells were formed step by step from the chalaza side to the micropyle side .

次生极核于合点端受精后，逐渐分裂形成细胞。

The research mainly includes the development processes of embryo and endosperm , pericarp and spermoderm as well as the changes of nucellus and chalaza .

主要包括胚与胚乳的发育过程，果皮与种皮的发育，珠心与合点的变化。

The megasporocyte forms in late March and undergoes meiosis to form the megaspore tetrad in early April , The functional megaspore lies nearby the chalaza end .

3月下旬大孢子母细胞形成，4月初进行减数分裂形成四分体，功能大孢子位于近合点端。

With the embryo development , most of the endosperm degenerated , and the cells near chalaza entered the chalaza , digested it and further nourished the embryo .

合点端的胚乳细胞则侵入合点珠心组织，为胚进一步发育提供营养。

However , the nucellus cells at the chalaza end split and reproduce , which results in the appearance of an expanded apophysis that keeps its shape until the seed becomes mature during the development process of the fruit in the coming year .

而合点端的珠心细胞不断分裂增值，在来年的果实发育过程中，形成一球状的膨大突起并保持到种子成熟。

The megaspore mather cell is derived from the sporogenous cell , and divided into four megaspores by the meiotic division , megaspores present the rank of T & type , among which only one near chalaza can be developed to the embryo sac .

造孢细胞直接发育成大孢子母细胞，它进行减数分裂形成四个呈T&形排列的大孢子，只有合点端的一个大孢子发育成胚囊。

Then the one cell near Chalaza end , which was derived from basal cell , underwent perpendicular division again , together with cells derived from apical cell , they formed embryo proper , and then sequentially formed multicellular spherical proembryo , heart-shaped embryo , Torpedo-shaped embryo , mature embryo .

由基细胞分裂来的近合点端的一个细胞再发生纵裂，和从顶细胞分裂来的细胞共同参与胚体的形成，进而产生多细胞球形原胚，心形胚，鱼雷形胚，成熟胚。