Real wages

In other comparable countries real wages increased much more rapidly

在其他具有可比性的国家，实际工资上涨更快。

Official statistics show real wages declining by 24 %

官方统计数字表明实际工资下降了24%。

In many countries average real wages are flat or even falling .

在很多国家，一般真实工资水平保持不变甚至还有所下降。

Statistics show that real wages have been increasing by 12 % per year .

统计数据显示，实际工资以每年12%的速度增长。

Real wages and unemployment make up the third .

工资和失业人数是第三类。

First , real wages for most workers have been stagnant .

首先，大多数劳动者的实际工资一直停滞不前。

High unemployment was the mechanism for driving nominal and real wages down .

高失业率是压低名义及实际工资水平的主要原因。

While unemployment is low , real wages have been falling gradually for years .

尽管失业率较低，但台湾实际工资已经连续多年逐步下滑。

Real wages come out of production , not out of government decrees .

实质工资来源于产值，而不是来源于政府的法令。

As inflation has increased , real wages have declined .

随着通货膨胀的增长，实际工资收入已经降低了。

Real wages remain at the level of the mid 1970s .

目前的实际工资，仍处于七十年代中期的水平。

Real wages have been rising strongly , which should help boost consumption .

居民实际收入的强劲增长，将有助于刺激消费。

The real wages of many workers is still far away from the minimum wage .

许多工人的实际工资水平离最低工资标准还相差甚远。

Labor was in short supply , and real wages were much higher than in England .

劳动力很缺，实际工资远远高于英国。

Falling real wages also justify substituting labour for capital .

实际薪资水平不断下降也说明劳动力代替资本是合理的。

But the opposite was true last year , so real wages fell sharply .

但去年的情况却恰恰相反，因此实际工资出现了大幅下降。

All of this allowed real wages to fall .

所有这一切，导致实际工资下跌。

Both prices and wages are rising , leaving real wages unchanged .

由于物价和工资同时上涨，实际收入并没有变。

There is a decline in real wages .

实际工资有所减少。

Chapter 2 argued that rigid and high real wages contribute to increases in unemployment .

第二章曾经论述刚性的高实际工资会增加失业。

Real wages for most people have been stagnant while executive pay has soared .

大多数人的实际工资停滞不前，而高管的薪酬则飙涨。

One way to do this would be through internal devaluation that is , cuts in real wages .

一种方法是通过内部贬值，即下调实际薪资。

Moreover , real wages have been falling , making it cheaper to retain workers .

此外，实际薪资一直在下降，这使得保留员工的成本降低。

Productivity will rise - allowing real wages to rise , too , along with living standards .

生产率将会提升——也让实际工资与生活水平一同提高。

As a result , in 2011 real wages are likely to be no higher than they were in 2005 .

因此，2011年实际工资可能不会高于2005年的水平。

There are circumstances in which real wages need to rise less quickly than usual or even to fall .

在某些情况下，实际薪资必须比通常情况增长得慢一些，甚至需要有所下降。

As they can so that the nominal wage increases below the inflation rate to achieve lower real wages .

因为它们可以通过使名义工资上调的幅度低于通胀率来达到降低实际工资的目的。

Mr Fang 's paper gives compelling evidence of the consequent rise in real wages and shrinking profits .

蔡昉的论文给出了令人信服的证据，证明其结果是实际薪资上涨和利润缩水。

And given the rise in VAT and other price rises this year , real wages are likely to fall again .

而且，考虑到今年增值税上调以及其它价格上涨因素，实际工资可能还会再次下降。

It has nothing to do with trying to increase employment by cutting real wages in the hope that people will not notice .

它与试图通过削减实际工资并期望人们对此无所察觉来增加就业毫无关系。