Average rate of change

This formalism was then used to study the average rate of change of the atomic energy in Minkowski spacetime , and it is found that a ground-state atom in uni-form acceleration in vacuum would spontaneously excite .

人们将这个方法用于研究闵氏时空中原子的平均能量变化率，发现真空中的匀加速基态原子可以自发激发，随后这个方法被广泛地用于研究平直时空中各种情况下原子的辐射性质。

In this dissertation , we generalize the DDC formalism to the case of an atom in interaction with vacuum Dirac field fluctuations and study concretely the average rate of change of atomic energy of a uniformly accelerated atom in Minkowski spacetime . Some interesting features are found .

我们将DDC方法推广到了原子与真空Dirac场相互作用的情况并研究了这种相互作用下闵氏真空中匀加速原子的平均能量变化率，发现了一些有趣的性质和特点。

The controller used the deviation of average temperature and rate of change of the temperature deviation as the input signal , the analog quantity of PLC exports controlled the amount of oil gushed out of burning device and the temperature of the system was regulated .

控制器用平均温度的偏差和温度偏差变化率作为输入信号，PLC的模拟量输出用来控制燃烧器的喷油量，从而调节清蜡车控制系统的温度。